Unit 13 Career and Entrepreneurship
“As we look ahead into the next century, leaders will be those who empower others.”
–Bill Gates
Grammar (Page 126)
Present perfect and past simple
A. Notice the use of present perfect and past simple in the following text.
I think I have had a very interesting life. I'm 73 now and I don't work anymore. I was in the army for 31 years. I retired when I was 52. I have been to so many countries that I can't remember all of them. I've been to Australia six or seven times and to South Africa three times. I have also been once to Russia but I didn't like it at all: much too cold for me!
I've never been on television, but I've been on the radio once. It was a programme about life in the military about twenty years ago. I've met a lot of famous people: members of the royal family, famous politicians and also famous cinema and television personalities. I've never met the American President though which is a pity.
Because I've travelled a lot, I've seen a lot of wonderful things and have also eaten and drunk some strange foods and drinks. I ate cat and rat in India and drank something called Mirto on a little island in Italy many years ago.
B. Look at the diagram about the use of present perfect tense.
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C. We use the past simple for past events or actions which have no connection to the present and the present perfect to talk about completed actions which have impacts to the present.
I lost my keys yesterday.
I’ve lost my key. I can’t find it anywhere.
D. We use both 'been (to)' and 'gone (to)' as the past participle of 'go', but with different meanings. I’ve been to Muktinath.
Prem is on holiday. He has gone to Ilam.
Sarika is back home now. She has been to Jumla.
E. Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
a. I don't know where Muna is. …… (you/see) her?
Ans:- Have you ever seen her?
b. Janak …… (not/be) very well last week.
Ans:- Janak wasn't very well last week.
c. Last night I …… (lose) my keys. So I stayed in my friend’s home.
Ans:- Last night I lost my keys. So I stayed in my friend's home.
d. I …… (lose) my keys. Can you help me look for them?
Ans:- I have lost my keys. Can you help me look for them?
e. I …… (know) Jamuna for three years. We still meet once a month.
Ans:- I have known Jamuna for three years. We still meet once a month.
f. She …… (live) in Sikkim when she was a child.
Ans:- She lived in Sikkim when she was a child.
g. A: What’s wrong?
B: I …… (break) a glass.
Ans:- B: I have broken a glass.
h. A: When …… (you/arrive)?
B: At 10 pm last night.
Ans:- A: When did you arrived?
i. How long …… (you/know) Sarmila for?
Ans:- How long have you known Sarmila for?
j. This is the first time I …… (drive) a car.
Ans:- This is the first time I have driven a car.
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F. Use been or gone.
a. I’ve never …… to Japan.
Ans:- I’ve never been to Japan.
b. Kalpana has …… to Korea. She may come back next year.
Ans:- Kalpana has gone to Korea. She may come back next year.
c. A: Where’s Rachana?
B: She has …… to the shops
Ans:- A: Where’s Rachana?
B: She has gone to the shops
d. Harina was here earlier but I think she has …… now.
Ans:- Harina was here earlier but I think she has gone now.
e. Have you ever …… to London?
Ans:- Have you ever been to London?
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